Old Prussian Uniforms in 1806
More illustrations to follow.
Below is a series of original watercolors depicting Prussian uniforms in the year 1806. They comprise just over 60 watercolors that were created in the 19th century; whether before or after 1850 is not certain, but probably in the first half of that century.
The series offered on an auction platform comprised nearly 100 watercolors, with the cavalry regiments fully represented. However, since the plates were auctioned individually, the author was only able to secure the images shown here.
The picture series was probably originally conceived as a complete portrayal of the uniforms of the Prussian army at that time, each showing an officer, a non-commissioned officer and an enlisted man — sometimes also a trumpeter. Occasionally the soldier's rear view is also shown. Various modes of dress are presented.
However, the offered illustrations already lacked higher ranks (general officers), general adjutants, the fusilier battalions, etc.
Apparently the depictions follow the work "Kostüme der ganzen preußischen Armee", published in 1806 by J. B. Schiavonetti in Berlin, consisting of four booklets with six plates each, drawn by W. Henschel and engraved by F. A. Henschel (see below).
Whether the series shown here is unique is also not certain, since the author also owns unfinished sketches and proof prints of figures in black and white that may have been intended for later coloring. Therefore multiple copies are likely.
Recommended Articles
Kriegsgeschichte
Jany, Hochkirch.
Lecture delivered at the Military Society in Berlin on the occasion of Friedrichstag on January 23, 1905.
Kriegsgeschichte
Schwertfeger, The Strategy of Frederick the Great in the Seven Years' War, Berlin 1913.
Uniformierung & Ausrüstung
The Prussian Army under Frederick William I (1713 - 40) - Chapter 16 - The Colorful Coat (The Infantry).
The uniform, as a standardized military garment precisely defined by detailed regulations, determines the wearer's belonging to a particular army, to a particular branch of service and to a particular regiment. The soldier's clothing standardized in cut, color, insignia and manner of wearing arose — apart from some isolated medieval attempts — only with the emergence of standing armies, and the process of introducing uniforms in the various states could span from the mid-17th into the 18th century. A prerequisite for the uniform clothing of entire armies was on the one hand the emergence of the princes' centralized authority while at the same time securing the financing of the army's needs against the resistance of the estates, and on the other hand the advent of early-capitalist production methods within manufactories. The standing army — that is the miles perpetuus — was an expression of princely governmental authority. Already in the Thirty Years' War the economic benefit of mass-producing military clothing and weapons was recognized. Besides this economic aspect, the introduction of a uniform military dress also had rational reasons. Through the increased use of firearms the massive smoke development of the muzzle-loaders on the battlefield became a problem. For this reason the different troop units had to be made recognizably distinct by color; camouflage was completely foreign to the mindset of contemporary European soldiers. In addition, uniform clothing acted sociologically as a group-bonding element, i.e., the psychological effect of the uniform on friend and foe was fully acknowledged. In this sense color was the trump card1.