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Vestes Bellica Military history archive

Vestes Bellica

Uniforms and Equipment of the Old Army - Cavalry - Mounted Rifles

Members of the Mounted Rifle Regiment No. 2 (Langensalza) in Koller and otherwise in full mount (service dress). Large format. Undated. Before 1914.
Members of the Mounted Rifle Regiment No. 2 (Langensalza) in Koller and otherwise in full mount (service dress). Large format. Undated. Before 1914.

From 1895 so-called dispatch-rider detachments were formed for special tasks. These wore the garderock in dark green. The shoulder straps were white and showed the Roman I for the I Corps.

Mounted rifles in original cigarette cards before 1945.
Mounted rifles in original cigarette cards before 1945.

In part, blackened steel helmets (with yellow fittings and a heraldic eagle) were already worn.

The K 89 and the army revolver served as armament. Later the ranks of the Mounted Rifle regiments were also equipped with carbines. The revolvers then remained only with the non-commissioned officers and trumpeters as well as with the officers.

Mounted rifles in original cigarette cards before 1945.
Mounted rifles in original cigarette cards before 1945.

In 1897 the dispatch riders were renamed "Detachment Mounted Rifles." The shoulder straps now generally showed the number of the respective army corps.

A gray-green koller was introduced as the new uniform. Gray-green tunics modeled on the cuirassiers were also issued.

The flat cap was initially white.

Dispatch rider of the XVII Army Corps with a replacement horse. Large-format original photo. Cropped. Photographer: J. v. Symonowicz/ Graudenz. Circa 1900. On the shoulder straps of the koller the Roman numeral of the Army Corps (XVII) can be seen.
Dispatch rider of the XVII Army Corps with a replacement horse. Large-format original photo. Cropped. Photographer: J. v. Symonowicz/ Graudenz. Circa 1900. On the shoulder straps of the koller the Roman numeral of the Army Corps (XVII) can be seen.

From 01.04.1905 the Mounted Rifle regiments were then formed as an independent branch of the cavalry and were continuously expanded.

Commemorative photo (for reaching the last 300 days) at Mounted Rifle Regiment No. 4 (Graudenz). Original photo card before 1914.
Commemorative photo (for reaching the last 300 days) at Mounted Rifle Regiment No. 4 (Graudenz). Original photo card before 1914.

The number of regiments in 1914 is shown in the following table.

Taken from: B. Friedag, Guide through Army and Fleet. 1914, p. 227.
Taken from: B. Friedag, Guide through Army and Fleet. 1914, p. 227.
In the parlor. At Mounted Rifle Regiment No. 3 (Colmar). Contemporary photo card from 1908.
In the parlor. At Mounted Rifle Regiment No. 3 (Colmar). Contemporary photo card from 1908.
Parlor scene at Mounted Rifle Regiment No. 6 (Erfurt). Also in drill. Original photo card. 1914.
Parlor scene at Mounted Rifle Regiment No. 6 (Erfurt). Also in drill. Original photo card. 1914.

The uniform of the Mounted Rifles as of 1914 was as follows:

The tunic was made of gray-green cloth and had a rounded collar. The sleeve cuffs were Swedish style. The facings ran forward down to the lower edge of the skirts and at the back to the pocket flaps. The collar and the sleeve cuffs were light green and had a contrasting braid with light-green stripes and yellow inner edges.

The buttons were made of nickel or tombak.

The koller continued to be worn for a long time even after the introduction of the tunic - also in parallel (see illustration below).

Members of Mounted Rifle Regiment No. 3 (Colmar) in dress uniform. Both tunic and koller are worn. Original photo card before 1914.
Members of Mounted Rifle Regiment No. 3 (Colmar) in dress uniform. Both tunic and koller are worn. Original photo card before 1914.
Rittmeister from Mounted Rifle Regiment No. 5 (Mülhausen) in tunic. Original photo from 1918. On the koller and tunic the officers had silver lace with a narrow side stripe in the respective regimental color. On the epaulettes or shoulder pieces the Arabic regimental number was now gilded.
Rittmeister from Mounted Rifle Regiment No. 5 (Mülhausen) in tunic. Original photo from 1918. On the koller and tunic the officers had silver lace with a narrow side stripe in the respective regimental color. On the epaulettes or shoulder pieces the Arabic regimental number was now gilded.

The coat was made of gray cloth and had light-green collar patches.

Group portrait of mounted rifles, here still with the white small collar. Original photo card.
Group portrait of mounted rifles, here still with the white small collar. Original photo card.

The cap was - from 16.04.1908 - made of gray-green cloth and had a light-green trim band. The facings were lemon yellow and were located around the top edge and around the trim band.

Non-commissioned officer (fahnenjunker) of the Mounted Rifles in service dress. Studio portrait. Photographer: Conrad Schiffer/ Wiesbaden.
Non-commissioned officer (fahnenjunker) of the Mounted Rifles in service dress. Studio portrait. Photographer: Conrad Schiffer/ Wiesbaden.

The riding breeches had a gray-green riding panel. Previously there were white riding breeches made of kersey. In addition there were gray-green cloth trousers. The latter had a light-green seam in the side seams.

Mounted rifle from the King’s Mounted Rifle Regiment No. 1 in service dress. Studio portrait. Photographer: Wilhelm Köhler/ Posen. Before 1914. This regiment bore the imperial monogram on the shoulder straps (and the cartridge pouch) (see table above).
Mounted rifle from the King’s Mounted Rifle Regiment No. 1 in service dress. Studio portrait. Photographer: Wilhelm Köhler/ Posen. Before 1914. This regiment bore the imperial monogram on the shoulder straps (and the cartridge pouch) (see table above).
Officers and ranks of the Mounted Rifles on the training ground. The officers wear the litewka. The ranks are predominantly dressed in the koller and wear drill trousers. From 16.04.1903 the officers' litewka was gray and had light-green collar patches. Previously it had been gray-green.
Officers and ranks of the Mounted Rifles on the training ground. The officers wear the litewka. The ranks are predominantly dressed in the koller and wear drill trousers. From 16.04.1903 the officers' litewka was gray and had light-green collar patches. Previously it had been gray-green.
Officer from Mounted Rifle Regiment No. 2 (Langensalza). Studio portrait. Photographer: Richard Schneider/ Langensalza.
Officer from Mounted Rifle Regiment No. 2 (Langensalza). Studio portrait. Photographer: Richard Schneider/ Langensalza.

The mounted rifles wore the aforementioned helmet of black-stained sheet steel with angular front and rear visor.

The fittings, spike top and ornamentation were, according to the respective button color, either of nickel silver or tombak, later only nickel-silver.

The helmets of Regiments No. 1 - 6 showed the dragoon eagle.

The ranks of the most recently formed Regiments No. 7 – 13 had a leather helmet modeled on the dragoon helmets.

Hair plumes were not worn.

In 1915 the leather dragoon helmets were exchanged for iron helmets with field-gray fittings.

Early photo of mounted rifles, still with the white flat cap.
Early photo of mounted rifles, still with the white flat cap.
Member of Mounted Rifle Regiment No. 2 (Langensalza) in dress uniform. The koller is worn with a marksmanship cord. The non-commissioned officer is armed here with the cuirassier’s sabre.
Member of Mounted Rifle Regiment No. 2 (Langensalza) in dress uniform. The koller is worn with a marksmanship cord. The non-commissioned officer is armed here with the cuirassier’s sabre.
Mounted rifles in service dress from Regiment Mounted Rifles No. 3 (Colmar in Alsace). On the right upper arm of the koller a chevron as an award for lance fencing can be seen. Studio portrait. Photographer: C. F. Paul/ Colmar i. E.). Circa 1910.
Mounted rifles in service dress from Regiment Mounted Rifles No. 3 (Colmar in Alsace). On the right upper arm of the koller a chevron as an award for lance fencing can be seen. Studio portrait. Photographer: C. F. Paul/ Colmar i. E.). Circa 1910.
Mounted rifle in the gray-green koller from the reserve squadron of Mounted Rifle Regiment No. 2 (Langensalza).
Mounted rifle in the gray-green koller from the reserve squadron of Mounted Rifle Regiment No. 2 (Langensalza).

The sabre belt and accompanying bandolier were dark brown. The riding boots were also made of dark brown leather and had strap-on spurs and spur leather. Regiments No. 7 - 13, however, had blackened boots.

On the bandolier two oval plates with the imperial eagle and the inscription W II together with the royal crown as well as a nickel-silver chain (with whistle and casing) were worn at the front.

The dark-brown cartridge pouch showed a silver hunting horn. In the King’s Mounted Rifle Regiment the cartridge pouches also bore the imperial monogram as decoration on the flap.

The equipment also included dark-brown gauntlet gloves, which were initially (until 22.02.1907) white.

Mounted rifles (in koller) on the training ground Oberhofen i. E.: Photographer: Paul Kallenbach/ same place). Original photo card from 1912.
Mounted rifles (in koller) on the training ground Oberhofen i. E.: Photographer: Paul Kallenbach/ same place). Original photo card from 1912.
Mounted rifles (officers in overcoat in front of the squadron) on the training ground Oberhofen i. E.: Photographer: Paul Kallenbach/ same place). Original photo card from 1912.
Mounted rifles (officers in overcoat in front of the squadron) on the training ground Oberhofen i. E.: Photographer: Paul Kallenbach/ same place). Original photo card from 1912.
Mounted rifles (officers in overcoat) on the training ground Oberhofen i. E.: Photographer: Paul Kallenbach/ same place). Original photo card from 1912.
Mounted rifles (officers in overcoat) on the training ground Oberhofen i. E.: Photographer: Paul Kallenbach/ same place). Original photo card from 1912.
Mounted rifles (predominantly non-commissioned officers) during a field service exercise. Original photo card.
Mounted rifles (predominantly non-commissioned officers) during a field service exercise. Original photo card.
Member of the reserve squadron of Mounted Rifle Regiment No. 6 (Erfurt). Original photo card, mailed on 15.07.1915 (Erfurt).
Member of the reserve squadron of Mounted Rifle Regiment No. 6 (Erfurt). Original photo card, mailed on 15.07.1915 (Erfurt).
Mounted rifle equipped for field march with lance. This corresponded for the Mounted Rifles to the model of the rest of the cavalry.
Mounted rifle equipped for field march with lance. This corresponded for the Mounted Rifles to the model of the rest of the cavalry.