NAPOLEON III AND HIS GUARD.
Illustrations after Maurice Touissaint. Published: Les Editions Militaires Illustrées (Paris 1942). The illustrations were taken from the original.
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Uniformierung & Ausrüstung
Excerpt from: Bruno Köhler, General Costume Studies. Part 7: Modern Times, Leipzig.
Uniformierung & Ausrüstung
French Uniforms (Imperial Guard) in 1859
Modeled on the Imperial Guard of his uncle, Napoleon III (b. April 20, 1808 in Paris; d. January 9, 1873 in Chislehurst near London) established a similar guard formation in 1854 in the form of a mixed division. This initially comprised 2 infantry brigades, 1 cavalry brigade, gendarmerie, artillery and engineers. From 1855 an additional transport squadron, 1 foot artillery regiment and 1 Zouave regiment were added. In that year the Imperial Guard was also reorganized into two infantry divisions together with 2 cavalry brigades. In 1865 a regiment of Carabiniers was added. The Imperial Guard also took part in combat, e.g. in the Crimean War (1855, 1853–56), in the Italian campaign (1859) and the Franco-Prussian War (1870/71). It suffered heavy losses in places. Also to be mentioned are the Hundred Guards (Cent-Gardes), which were established on March 24, 1854. They were intended for escort duty with the Emperor and for guarding the imperial palaces and gardens. Thus they were a purely court guard.
Uniformierung & Ausrüstung
A Short History of the Uniform - Part 5 - The Development of the Uniform from the 17th to the 18th Century Using the Example of France
In the second half of the 17th century a unified government authority with absolute power emerged in France. When Cardinal Mazarin died on 09.03.1661, the young King Louis XIV declared that he would appoint no successor and would henceforth rule personally. However, he allowed himself to be advised by the Secret Council of State. State power now concentrated entirely in the hands of King Louis XIV (05.09.1638 – 01.09.1715). He is regarded as the principal representative of courtly absolutism and became a model for many other European rulers. Convinced of the divine right of kings, the monarch presented himself magnificently and, after overcoming the noble Fronde, claimed absolute authority in all state matters as an autocrat.